Endometriosis affects between 15-20% of all women, and 25-35% of women who experience infertility. It is defined as the occurrence of endometrial tissue - the tissue that lines the uterine cavity - outside of the uterus, many times on overlying pelvic organs. Although this disease is known to be associated with infertility, it is not yet known if it causes it.

Nearly two-thirds of all women who have endometriosis have a minimal to mild case of the disease. Pelvic pain can be a symptom of endometriosis, but the amount of discomfort experienced does not necessarily indicate the level of disease.

The cause of endometriosis is still unknown, but two possible theories currently exist. One proposes that it is a condition that occurs during fetal development. Another long-standing theory suggests that it results from menstrual flow reaching the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tubes.

A preliminary diagnosis may be made based on medical history and a pelvic exam, but laparoscopic surgery will be necessary to confirm any conclusions drawn. The results of this surgery will enable your physician to classify the level of endometriosis, and then discuss your options for treatment based upon your overall goals.