Endometriosis affects between 15-20% of all
women, and 25-35% of women who experience infertility. It is
defined as the occurrence of endometrial tissue - the tissue
that lines the uterine cavity - outside of the uterus, many
times on overlying pelvic organs. Although this disease is known
to be associated with infertility, it is not yet known if it
causes it.
Nearly two-thirds of all women who have
endometriosis have a minimal to mild case of the disease. Pelvic
pain can be a symptom of endometriosis, but the amount of
discomfort experienced does not necessarily indicate the level
of disease.
The cause of endometriosis is still unknown,
but two possible theories currently exist. One proposes that it
is a condition that occurs during fetal development. Another
long-standing theory suggests that it results from menstrual
flow reaching the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tubes.
A preliminary diagnosis may be made based on medical history and
a pelvic exam, but laparoscopic surgery will be necessary to
confirm any conclusions drawn. The results of this surgery will
enable your physician to classify the level of endometriosis,
and then discuss your options for treatment based upon your
overall goals.